Ecocide: a Strategy of War explores the results and implications of modern environmental warfare techniques used by the U.S. during the Vietnam War. These ecocidal tactics included massive chemical defoliation, saturation bombing, wholesale clearing of forest and jungle, forced urbanization and other strategies designed to drive the guerrillas off the lands. Dr E.W. Pfeiffer was one of the initiators of the first study of the herbicide spraying program done under the aegis of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, which eventually led to a discontinuation of the Agent Orange program in 1971.